An introduction to human movement and biomechanics / edited by Andy Kerr and Philip Rowe.

Preceded by Human movement. 6th ed. / edited by Tony Everett and Clare Kell. 2010.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Machine generated contents note: 1.Introduction / Philip Rowe -- Movement -- Understanding Movement -- Understanding Movement for Rehabilitation -- Structure of the Book -- Section 1 How Things Move and Flow: Chapters 2 to 5 -- Section 2 Human Movement: Chapters 6 to 10 -- Section 3 Measurement of Movement: Chapters 11 to 14 -- Section 4 Restoring and Optimising Human Movement: Chapters 15 to 17 -- Notice About Maths and Physics -- About the Supporting Information -- SECTION I How Things Move and Flow -- 2.Force / Philip Rowe -- Introduction -- What Is Force? -- What Does a Mechanical Force Do? -- Scalar or Vector? -- Drawing Vectors -- Point of Application -- Force Magnitude and Change in Motion -- What You Need to Remember So Far -- The Force of Muscles -- Magnitude of Moments -- Direction of Moments -- What You Have to Remember About Moments -- Analysing Force -- How Do Forces Combine? -- Analysing Muscle Force Application -- Q Angle and Knee Pain -- Measuring Force -- Using Mathematics to Resolve Force -- Summary Part Two -- Applying a Mobilisation Technique to the Back -- Answers to Questions Posed in the Text -- 3.Stability and Balance / Philip Rowe -- Introduction -- Gravity: The Ultimate Force -- Centre of Mass -- Calculating the Centre of Mass -- What Should You Remember About Mass? -- Moments Created by Mass -- Moments and Posture -- Stability -- Local and General Stability -- Standing Balance -- What You Need to Remember -- Answers to Questions Posed in the Text -- Answer 1 -- Answer 2 -- Answer 3 -- Answer 4 -- Answer 5 -- Answer 6 -- 4.Energy and Movement / Philip Rowe -- Introduction -- Quick Revision -- Newton's First Law (Inertia) -- Moment of Inertia -- Linear Momentum -- Rotational Momentum -- Centripetal and Centrifugal Force -- Conservation of Angular Momentum -- Newton's Second Law: Impulse and Momentum -- What About Trying a Patient Problem? -- Newton's Third Law: Action and Reaction -- Summary of Newton's Laws of Motion -- Pressure and Friction: Bodies in Contact -- Centre of Pressure -- Friction -- Summary of Friction and Pressure -- Work -- Example of Work in a Straight Line -- Example of Angular Work -- Muscles at Work -- Question 1 -- Question 2 -- Question 3 -- Direction of Work -- Using Machines to Do Work -- Categories of Levers -- Movement Ratio -- More Advanced Machines -- Pulleys -- Pulleys in the Human Body -- The Power of Work -- Efficiency -- What You Need to Remember From That Bit -- Practical Problems on Force and Human Movement -- Energy During Movement -- Elastically Stored Potential Energy -- Energy Conservation -- The Determinants of Gait -- Stance Phase Knee Flexion -- Pelvic List -- What You Need to Remember About Energy? -- Answers to Questions Posed in Text -- Answer to Question 2 -- Answer to Question 3 -- Answer to Question 4 -- Answer to Question 5 -- Answer to Activity Box 4.6 -- Answers to Practical Problems on Force and Human Movement -- 5.Flow / Philip Rowe -- Introduction -- Basics of Material Science -- Stress -- Strain -- Stress -- Strain Relationship and Stiffness -- Other Properties of Materials -- Summary of Material Science Basics -- Connective Tissue -- Composition and Mechanical Properties of Connective Tissue -- Fibres -- Cells -- Skin -- Muscle -- Tendon -- The Muscle Harness -- Bone -- Articular Cartilage -- Tissue Remodelling -- Inactivity (Immobilisation) -- Maturation -- Effect of Ageing -- The Science of a Stretch -- Summary of Connective Tissue -- Fluids and Gases -- Relative Density -- Hydrostatic Pressure -- Archimedes Principle, Buoyancy and Pascal's Law -- Pressure -- Mechanics of Flow -- Drag -- Bernoulli's Principle -- Blood Flow: Haemodynamics -- Summary Fluid Dynamics -- Therapeutic Flow -- Dynamic Wrist Splints -- Hydrotherapy -- Respiratory Technique -- Answers to Questions Posed in Text -- A.The Foot While Jogging -- B.A Blow to Back of Knee -- Creep -- Hydrotherapy Question -- SECTION II Human Movement -- 6.Skeletal Muscle, Muscle Work, Strength, Power and Endurance / Tim Sharp -- Introduction -- Protein Filaments -- The Sarcomere -- The Difference Between Muscle Force and Muscle Strength -- Muscle Work -- Muscle Strength -- Recruitment -- Muscle Fibre Types -- Gradation of Muscle Force -- Length-Tension Relationship -- Active and Passive Tension -- Force -- Velocity Relationship -- Angle of Pull -- Stability and Sequencing -- Anatomy -- Age and Sex -- Psychological Factors -- Muscle Power -- Muscle Endurance -- Fatigue -- Measuring Muscle Work -- Measuring Muscle Strength -- Measuring Endurance -- When Things Go Wrong -- Increasing Strength and Endurance -- Muscle Strength -- Physiological Processes -- Increased Vascularisation -- Increase in Size -- Increasing Strength -- Increasing Endurance -- Conclusion -- 7.Joint Mobility / Andy Kerr -- Introduction -- Range of Movement -- Factors Involved in Assisting and Restricting Range of Movement -- Normal Range -- Normal Joint Constraint in an Intact (Healthy) System -- Abnormal Limitation -- Effects of Decreased Range of Movement -- Treatment -- Types of Therapeutic Movement of Joints -- Passive Movement -- Active Movement -- Conclusion -- 8.Posture and Balance / Andy Kerr -- Introduction -- Human Posture -- Adaptations to Bipedalism -- Adaptations of the Spine -- Adaptations of the Foot -- Development of the S-Shaped Spine Across the Lifespan -- `Ideal' Alignment of Segments -- Upright Stance -- Sitting -- Lying -- Requirements for Achieving the `Ideal' Posture -- Postural Alignment in the Real World -- Factors Influencing Segmental Alignment -- Defined Postural Deviations From the `Ideal' -- Maintaining a Functional Posture -- Introduction -- Definitions -- How Does Balance Work? -- Postural Control Synergies in Standing -- Factors That Affect Postural Control -- Relevance to Practice -- Symptomatic Postural Alignment -- Balance Reeducation -- Conclusion -- 9.Motor Control / Kristen Hollands -- Introduction -- Overview of the Motor Control System -- Communication Across Neurons and Transmission of Motor Impuke -- The Role of Sensation and Afferent Receptors in Motor Control -- The Muscle Spindle -- Golgi Tendon Organ -- Theories of Motor Control -- How Do We Control Movement? -- Basic Movements -- Open and Closed Loop Control -- Complex Movements and Central Pattern Generators (A Special Kind of Motor Programme) -- The Damaged Motor System -- 10.Development and Decline of Movement / Andy Kerr -- Introduction -- Part One: Development of Movement -- Introduction to Child Development -- Typical Development of Physical Skills -- pt. Two Decline of Movement -- Introduction -- Ageing -- Age-Related Changes in Cognition and Psychology -- Age-Related Anxiety and Depression -- Age-Related Changes in Motivation and Self-Regulation -- The Impact of Ageing on Mobility -- Activities of Daily Living -- Gait -- Age-Related Changes in Other Functional Movements -- Ageing and Physical Activity -- Geriatric Rehabilitation Case Study -- The Motivation to Move -- SECTION III Measurement of Movement -- 11.Nine Key Things That Define Physical Movement / Philip Rowe -- Introduction -- What Is Motion and How Do We Describe It? -- Time -- Linear Kinematics -- Angular Kinematics -- Forces and Moments -- Newton's First Law of Motion -- Newton's Second Law of Motion -- Newton's Third Law of Motion -- Derived Variables -- 12.Biomechanical Measurements Including Three-Dimensional Motion Analysis Systems / Philip Rowe -- Introduction -- Full Three-Dimensional Motion Capture -- Movement Assessment Systems -- Visual Movement Evaluation -- Timing -- Linear Displacement -- Angular Displacement -- Accelerometers and Inertial Measurement Units -- Force Transducers -- Moments -- Other Scientific Measures of Human Movement -- 13.Clinical Measures of Mobility Within the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Framework / Andy Kerr -- Introduction -- The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health -- Movement and Mobility -- Body Functions -- Body Structures -- Activities and Participation -- Participation -- Environmental Factors -- The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Mobility Model -- Measuring Mobility Across the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health -- Case Study #1 Treadmill Training to Improve Walking Function in Parkinson's Disease -- Case Study #2 The Effect of Spinal Mobilisation Techniques on Non-Specific Low Back Pain -- 14.Physical (In)Activity / Daniel Rafferty -- Introduction -- Energy -- Promoting Physical Activity to Improve Health -- Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity -- So What Is Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity? -- Walking and Metabolic Activities -- Some Final Thoughts on Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity -- If It Is Not Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity, Does This Mean It Is Has No Health Benefit? -- Vigorous Physical Activity -- Banding of Physical Activities -- Sedentary Behaviour -- Is Sedentary Behaviour Bad for Us? -- How DO We Measure the Energy Expenditure of Physical Activity? -- Physical Activity in Free Living -- Objectively Measuring Free Living Physical Activity -- Activity Monitor Placement and Attaching It -- Activity Monitors Incorporating Physiological Measurement -- Importance of Walking in Physical Activity -- Changing Physical (In)Activity Behaviour -- Scenario 1 -- Scenario 2 -- Scenario 3 -- Scenario 4 -- Answers to Questions Posed in Text -- Answer to Activity Box 14.2, Ranked Lowest to Highest in Energy Cost (Metabolic Activity) -- Some Suggestions for Activity Box 14.5 -- SECTION IV Restoring and Optimising Human Movement -- 15.Motor Relearning Principles / Andy Kerr -- Principles of Motor Learning -- Theories of Skill Learning -- Three-Stage Model (Fitts and Posner 1967) -- Two-Stage Model (Gentile, 1972) -- Lifespan Model (Starkes et al 2004) -- Mental Practice -- Feedback -- Guidance Hypothesis -- Attentional Focus

Note continued: Spotlight on the Use of Virtual Reality Technology in Skill Acquisition -- Optimal Performance -- 16.Ergonomics: The Influence of the Environment on Human Movement / Philippa Coales -- Introduction -- What Is the Environment? -- Why Do We Need to Consider the Environment? -- A Systematic Approach -- The Environment's Impact on Movement Systems -- The Balance Theory Model -- The Task Environment -- The Task Design -- Technology -- The Organisation -- The Individual -- 17.Case Studies in Human Movement / Alvin Tang -- Introduction -- Case Study One Gait of a Child With Cerebral Palsy Before and After Corrective Surgery -- Background -- The Movement -- Case Study -- Results -- Case Study Two Spinal Biomechanics Case Study -- Spinal Responses During Walking and Low Back Pain -- Introduction -- Analysing Walking -- Case Study -- Case Study Three Using an Ankle-Foot Orthosis to Correct Hemiplegic Gait in Stroke Patients -- Introduction -- Background -- Walking After Stroke -- Orthotic Intervention -- Case Study -- Case Study Four The Sit-to-Stand Movement -- Background -- The Movement -- Case Study -- Case Study Five Upper Limb Impairment After Stroke -- Introduction -- Medical History and Evaluation of Motor Impairment and Functional Limitation -- Motion Analysis -- Shoulder Flexion/Extension/Abduction -- Elbow Flexion/Extension -- Forearm Supination/Pronation -- Wrist Flexion/Extension -- Summary -- Case Study Six The Rowing Stroke -- Background -- The Movement -- Case Study.

Now in its seventh edition, this reputable textbook is an ideal introduction to the study of human movement and an excellent reference encouraging and directing further study. For the first time there is a chapter dedicated to measuring and understanding physical activity, recognising the importance of this area to many health and sports professionals. More time is spent explaining the basic principles of biomechanics and the way they can be used to improve practice, including tissue mechanics and movement analysis techniques -- Provided by the publisher.