Voets Biochemistry Adapted Edition 2021 / Donald Voet, Judith G. Voet

Part I Introduction and Background

Chapter 1 Life

1. Prokaryotes

2. Eukaryotes

3. Biochemistry: A Prologue

4. Genetics: A Review

5. The Origin of Life

6. The Biochemical Literature



Chapter 2 Aqueous Solutions

1. Properties of Water

2. Acids, Bases, and Buffers



Chapter 3 Thermodynamic Principles: A Review

1. First Law of Thermodynamics: Energy Is Conserved

2. Second Law of Thermodynamics: The Universe Tends Toward Maximum Disorder

3. Free Energy: The Indicator of Spontaneity

4. Chemical Equilibria

Appendix: Concentration Dependence of Free Energy



Part II Biomolecules

Chapter 4 Amino Acids

1. The Amino Acids of Proteins

2. Optical Activity

3. “Nonstandard” Amino Acids



Chapter 5 Nucleic Acids, Gene Expression, and Recombinant DNA Technology

1. Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

2. DNA Is the Carrier of Genetic Information

3. Double Helical DNA

4. Gene Expression and Replication: An Overview

5. Molecular Cloning



Chapter 6 Techniques of Protein and Nucleic Acid Purifications

1. Protein Isolation

2. Solubilities of Proteins

3. Chromatographic Separations

4. Electrophoresis

5. Ultracentrifugation

6. Nucleic Acid Fractionation



Chapter 7 Covalent Structures of Proteins and Nucleic Acids

1. Primary Structure Determination of Proteins

2. Nucleic Acid Sequencing

3. Chemical Evolution

4. Bioinformatics: An Introduction

5. Chemical Synthesis of Polypeptides

6. Chemical Synthesis of Oligonucleotides



Chapter 8 Three-Dimensional Structures of Proteins

1. Secondary Structure

2. Fibrous Proteins

3. Globular Proteins

4. Protein Stability

5. Quaternary Structure

Appendix: Viewing Stereo Pictures



Chapter 9 Protein Folding, Dynamics, and Structural Evolution

1. Protein Folding: Theory and Experiment

2. Folding Accessory Proteins

3. Protein Structure Prediction and Design

4. Protein Dynamics

5. Conformational Diseases: Amyloids and Prions

6. Structural Evolution



Chapter 10 Hemoglobin: Protein Function in Microcosm

1. Hemoglobin and Myoglobin Function

2. Structure and Mechanism

3. Abnormal Hemoglobins

4. Allosteric Regulation

Appendix: Derivation of Symmetry Model Equations



Chapter 11 Sugars and Polysaccharides

1. Monosaccharides

2. Polysaccharides

3. Glycoproteins



Chapter 12 Lipids and Membranes

1. Lipid Classification

2. Properties of Lipid Aggregates

3. Biological Membranes

4. Membrane Assembly and Protein Targeting

5. Lipoproteins



Part III Mechanisms of Enzyme Action

Chapter 13 Introduction to Enzymes

1. Historical Perspective

2. Substrate Specificity

3. Coenzymes

4. Regulation of Enzymatic Activity

5. A Primer of Enzyme Nomenclature



Chapter 14 Rates of Enzymatic Reactions

1. Chemical Kinetics

2. Enzyme Kinetics

3. Inhibition

4. Effects of pH

5. Bisubstrate Reactions

Appendix: Derivations of Michaelis–Menten Equation Variants



Chapter 15 Enzymatic Catalysis

1. Catalytic Mechanisms

2. Lysozyme

3. Serine Proteases

4. Drug Design



Part IV Metabolism

Chapter 16 Introduction to Metabolism

1. Metabolic Pathways

2. Organic Reaction Mechanisms

3. Experimental Approaches to the Study of Metabolism

4. Thermodynamics of Phosphate Compounds

5. Oxidation–Reduction Reaction

6. Thermodynamics of Life



Chapter 17 Glycolysis

1. The Glycolytic Pathway

2. The Reactions of Glycolysis

3. Fermentation: The Anaerobic Fate of Pyruvate

4. Metabolic Regulation and Control

5. Metabolism of Hexoses Other than Glucose



Chapter 18 Glycogen Metabolism

1. Glycogen Breakdown

2. Glycogen Synthesis

3. Control of Glycogen Metabolism

4. Glycogen Storage Diseases



Chapter 19 Signal Transduction

1. Hormones

2. Heterotrimeric G Proteins

3. Tyrosine Kinase–Based Signaling

4. The Phosphoinositide Cascade



Chapter 20 Transport through Membranes

1. Thermodynamics of Transport

2. Kinetics and Mechanisms of Transport

3. ATP-Driven Active Transport

4. Ion Gradient–Driven Active Transport

5. Neurotransmission



Chapter 21 Citric Acid Cycle

1. Cycle Overview

2. Metabolic Sources of Acetyl-Coenzyme A

3. Enzymes of the Citric Acid Cycle

4. Regulation of the Citric Acid Cycle

5. The Amphibolic Nature of the Citric Acid Cycle



Chapter 22 Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

1. The Mitochondrion

2. Electron Transport

3. Oxidative Phosphorylation

4. Control of ATP Production



Chapter 23 Other Pathways of Carbohydrate Metabolism

1. Gluconeogenesis

2. The Glyoxylate Cycle

3. Biosynthesis of Oligosaccharides and Glycoproteins

4. The Pentose Phosphate Pathway



Chapter 24 Photosynthesis

1. Chloroplasts

2. Light Reactions

3. Dark Reactions



Chapter 25 Lipid Metabolism

1. Lipid Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

2. Fatty Acid Oxidation

3. Ketone Bodies

4. Fatty Acid Biosynthesis

5. Regulation of Fatty Acid Metabolism

6. Cholesterol Metabolism

7. Eicosanoid Metabolism: Prostaglandins, Prostacyclins, Thromboxanes, Leukotrienes, and Lipoxins

8. Phospholipid and Glycolipid Metabolism



Chapter 26 Amino Acid Metabolism

1. Amino Acid Deamination

2. The Urea Cycle

3. Metabolic Breakdown of Individual Amino Acids

4. Amino Acids as Biosynthetic Precursors

5. Amino Acid Biosynthesis

6. Nitrogen Fixation



Chapter 27 Energy Metabolism: Integration and Organ Specialization

1. Major Pathways and Strategies of Energy Metabolism: A Summary

2. Organ Specialization

3. Metabolic Homeostasis: Regulation of Appetite, Energy Expenditure, and Body Weight

4. Metabolic Adaptation



Chapter 28 Nucleotide Metabolism

1. Synthesis of Purine Ribonucleotides

2. Synthesis of Pyrimidine Ribonucleotides

3. Formation of Deoxyribonucleotides

4. Nucleotide Degradation

5. Biosynthesis of Nucleotide Coenzymes



Part V Expression and Transmission of Genetic Information

Chapter 29 Nucleic Acid Structures

1. Double Helical Structures

2. Forces Stabilizing Nucleic Acid Structures

3. Supercoiled DNA



Chapter 30 DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination

1. DNA Replication: An Overview

2. Enzymes of Replication

3. Prokaryotic Replication

4. Eukaryotic Replication

5. Repair of DNA

6. Recombination and Mobile Genetic Elements

7. DNA Methylation and Trinucleotide Repeat Expansions